The doctoral dissertations of the former Helsinki University of Technology (TKK) and Aalto University Schools of Technology (CHEM, ELEC, ENG, SCI) published in electronic format are available in the electronic publications archive of Aalto University - Aaltodoc.
Aalto

Experimental Analysis of Multidimensional Radio Channels

Kimmo Kalliola

Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Science in Technology to be presented with due permission for public examination and debate in Auditorium S4 at Helsinki University of Technology (Espoo, Finland) on the 15th of February 2002 at 12 o'clock noon.

Overview in PDF format (ISBN 951-22-5705-X)   [867 KB]
Dissertation is also available in print (ISBN 951-22-5831-5)

Abstract

In this thesis new systems for radio channel measurements including space and polarization dimensions are developed for studying the radio propagation in wideband mobile communication systems. Multidimensional channel characterization is required for building channel models for new systems capable of exploiting the spatial nature of the channel. It also gives insight into the dominant propagation mechanisms in complex radio environments, where their prediction is difficult, such as urban and indoor environments.

The measurement systems are based on the HUT/IDC wideband radio channel sounder, which was extended to enable real-time multiple output channel measurements at practical mobile speeds at frequencies up to 18 GHz. Two dual-polarized antenna arrays were constructed for 2 GHz, having suitable properties for characterizing the 3-D spatial radio channel at both ends of a mobile communication link. These implementations and their performance analysis are presented.

The usefulness of the developed measurement systems is demonstrated by performing channel measurements at 2 GHz and analyzing the experimental data. Spatial channels of both the mobile and base stations are analyzed, as well as the double-directional channel that fully characterizes the propagation between two antennas. It is shown through sample results that spatial domain channel measurements can be used to gain knowledge on the dominant propagation mechanisms or verify the current assumptions. Also new statistical information about scatterer distribution at the mobile station in urban environment is presented based on extensive real-time measurements. The developed techniques and collected experimental data form a good basis for further comparison with existing deterministic propagation models and development of new spatial channel models.

This thesis consists of an overview and of the following 6 publications:

  1. K. Kalliola and P. Vainikainen, Characterization system for radio channel of adaptive array antennas, Proceedings of 8th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC'97), Helsinki, Finland, September 1-4, 1997, pp. 95-99. © 1997 IEEE. By permission.
  2. K. Kalliola, H. Laitinen, L. I. Vaskelainen, and P. Vainikainen, Real-time 3D spatial-temporal dual-polarized measurement of wideband radio channel at mobile station, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Volume 49, Issue 2, pp. 439-448 (2000). © 2000 IEEE. By permission.
  3. J. Laurila, K. Kalliola, M. Toeltsch, K. Hugl, P. Vainikainen, and E. Bonek, Wideband 3-D characterization of mobile radio channels in urban environment, Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. © 2002 by authors and © 2002 IEEE. By permission.
  4. M. Toeltsch, J. Laurila, K. Kalliola, A. F. Molisch, P. Vainikainen, and E. Bonek, Statistical characterization of urban spatial radio channels, Accepted for publication in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas on Communications. © 2002 by authors and © 2002 IEEE. By permission.
  5. K. Kalliola, H. Laitinen, K. Sulonen, L. Vuokko, and P. Vainikainen, Directional radio channel measurements at mobile station in different radio environments at 2.15 GHz, Proceedings of 4th European Personal Mobile Communications Conference (EPMCC2001), Vienna, Austria, February 20-22, 2001, CD-ROM ÖVE 27 (ISBN 3-85133-023-4), pap113.pdf. © 2001 Österreichisher Verband fur Electrotechnik OVE. By permission.
  6. K. Kalliola, K. Sulonen, H. Laitinen, O. Kivekäs, J. Krogerus, and P. Vainikainen, Angular power distribution and mean effective gain of mobile antenna in different propagation environments, Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. © 2002 by authors and © 2002 IEEE. By permission.

Keywords: mobile communication, radio propagation, channel sounding, multipath channels, polarization

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© 2002 Helsinki University of Technology

Last update 2011-05-26