The doctoral dissertations of the former Helsinki University of Technology (TKK) and Aalto University Schools of Technology (CHEM, ELEC, ENG, SCI) published in electronic format are available in the electronic publications archive of Aalto University - Aaltodoc.
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Analytical Modelling of Metamaterials and a New Principle of Sub-Wavelength Imaging

Pavel Belov

Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Science in Technology to be presented with due permission of the Department of Electrical and Communications Engineering for public examination and debate in Auditorium S4 at Helsinki University of Technology (Espoo, Finland) on the 22nd of November, 2006, at 12 o'clock noon.

Overview in PDF format (ISBN 951-22-8378-6)   [3624 KB]
Dissertation is also available in print (ISBN 951-22-8377-8)

Abstract

The thesis is devoted to an analytical modeling of metamaterials, artificial media with electromagnetic properties not available among natural materials. The development of metamaterials is a new branch of research in the multidisciplinary field of material physics, electromagnetics, optics, radio engineering, and electronics. The metamaterials will play a key role in providing new functionalities and enhancements to the future electronic devices and components, since it will be possible to create materials with fundamentally new properties required by new technologies.

The thesis consists of comprehensive historical overview about various kinds of the metamaterials including artificial dielectrics and magnetics, bianisotropic media, double-negative materials, photonic and electromagnetic crystals, high impedance surfaces, etc., and two logically separated parts representing a summary of original results of the author on analytical modeling of some of these metamaterials and sub-wavelength imaging using canalization regime, respectively.

In the analytical modeling part, the metamaterials with various inner geometries have been studied using the local field approach. This approach allows to reduce complicated eigenmode and reflection\transmission problems for periodical structures of complex inclusions to rigorously analytically solvable problems for arrays of elementary scatterers (electrical or/and magnetic dipoles, linear currents) with certain polarizability with respect to the local (acting) field.

In the last part of the thesis, an original opportunity of imaging with sub-wavelength resolution by flat slabs of the metamaterials is proposed. This regime (which is called as canalization) does not involve negative refraction and amplification of evanescent modes in contrast to the case of perfect lenses formed by double-negative media. The sub-wavelength image happens to be transmitted from one interface to another one by propagating modes of the metamaterial. The canalization of images with sub-wavelength resolution may be used in medical and microwave imaging, near field microscopy and it may allow to design optical storages (DVD) with significantly improved capacity.

This thesis consists of an overview and of the following 20 publications:

  1. P. A. Belov, Y. Hao, Subwavelength imaging at optical frequencies using a transmission device formed by a periodic layered metal-dielectric structure operating in the canalization regime, Physical Review B, vol. 73, pp. 113110 (1-4), 2006. © 2006 American Physical Society. By permission.
  2. P. A. Belov, Y. Hao, S. Sudhakaran, Subwavelength microwave imaging using an array of parallel conducting wires as a lens, Physical Review B, vol. 73, pp. 033108 (1-4), 2006. © 2006 American Physical Society. By permission.
  3. P. Ikonen, P. A. Belov, C. R. Simovski, S. I. Maslovski, Experimental demonstration of subwavelength field channeling at microwave frequencies using a capacitively loaded wire medium, Physical Review B, vol. 73, pp. 073102 (1-4), 2006. © 2006 American Physical Society. By permission.
  4. P. A. Belov, C. R. Simovski, Boundary conditions for interfaces of electromagnetic crystals and the generalized Ewald-Oseen extinction principle, Physical Review B, vol. 73, pp. 045102 (1-14), 2006. © 2006 American Physical Society. By permission.
  5. P. A. Belov, C. R. Simovski, Subwavelength metallic waveguides loaded by uniaxial resonant scatterers, Physical Review E, vol. 72, pp. 036618 (1-11), 2005. © 2005 American Physical Society. By permission.
  6. P. A. Belov, C. R. Simovski, Homogenization of electromagnetic crystals formed by uniaxial resonant scatterers, Physical Review E, vol. 72, pp. 026615 (1-15), 2005. © 2005 American Physical Society. By permission.
  7. P. A. Belov, M. G. Silveirinha, Resolution of subwavelength transmission devices formed by a wire medium, Physical Review E, vol. 73, pp. 056607 (1-9), 2006. © 2006 American Physical Society. By permission.
  8. P. A. Belov, C. R. Simovski, P. Ikonen, Canalization of subwavelength images by electromagnetic crystals, Physical Review B, vol. 71, pp. 193105 (1-4), 2005 (also included into Virtual Journal of Nanoscale Science and Technology, vol. 11, no. 23, 2005). © 2005 American Physical Society. By permission.
  9. C. R. Simovski, P. A. Belov, Low-frequency spatial dispersion in wire media, Physical Review E, vol. 70, pp. 046616 (1-8), 2004. © 2004 American Physical Society. By permission.
  10. P. A. Belov, K. R. Simovski, S. A. Tretyakov, Backward waves and negative refraction in photonic (electromagnetic) crystals, Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics, vol. 49, no. 11, pp. 1199-1207, 2004.
  11. C. R. Simovski, P. A. Belov, S. He, Backward wave region and negative material parameters of a structure formed by lattices of wires and split-ring resonators, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 2582-2591, 2003. © 2003 IEEE. By permission.
  12. S. A. Tretyakov, S. I. Maslovski, P. A. Belov, An analytical model of metamaterials based on loaded wire dipoles, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 2652-2658, 2003. © 2003 IEEE. By permission.
  13. P. A. Belov, S. I. Maslovski, K. R. Simovski, S. A. Tretyakov, A condition imposed on the electromagnetic polarizability of a bianisotropic lossless scatterer, Technical Physics Letters, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 718-720, 2003.
  14. P. A. Belov, C. R. Simovski, S. A. Tretyakov, Example of bianisotropic electromagnetic crystals: the spiral medium, Physical Review E, vol. 67, pp. 056622 (1-6), 2003. © 2003 American Physical Society. By permission.
  15. P. A. Belov, R. Marqués, S. I. Maslovski, I. S. Nefedov, M. Silveirinha, C. R. Simovski, S. A. Tretyakov, Strong spatial dispersion in wire media in the very large wavelength limit, Physical Review B, vol. 67, pp. 113103 (1-4), 2003. © 2003 American Physical Society. By permission.
  16. P. A. Belov, Backward waves and negative refraction in uniaxial dielectrics with negative dielectric permittivity along the anisotropy axis, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 259-263, 2003. © 2003 John Wiley & Sons. By permission.
  17. P. A. Belov, C. R. Simovski, S. A. Tretyakov, Two-dimensional electromagnetic crystals formed by reactively loaded wires, Physical Review E, vol. 66, pp. 036610 (1-7), 2002. © 2002 American Physical Society. By permission.
  18. P. A. Belov, S. A. Tretyakov, A. J. Viitanen, Nonreciprocal microwave band-gap structures, Physical Review E, vol. 66, pp. 016608 (1-8), 2002. © 2002 American Physical Society. By permission.
  19. P. A. Belov, S. A. Tretyakov, Resonant reflection from dipole arrays located very near to conducting planes, Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 129-143, 2002. © 2002 VSP International Science Publishers. By permission.
  20. P. A. Belov, S. A. Tretyakov, A. J. Viitanen, Dispersion and reflection properties of artificial media formed by regular lattices of ideally conducting wires, Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1153-1170, 2002. © 2002 VSP International Science Publishers. By permission.

Keywords: metamaterials, sub-wavelength imaging, local field approach

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© 2006 Helsinki University of Technology

Last update 2011-05-26